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常见的字母与字母组合发音规则

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战备粮的英文翻译英语怎么说-美容养生培训


2023年10月10日发(作者:presentation开场白)

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常见的字母与字母组合发音规则

I)元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则

元音字母的发音

(一)元音字母a

1.重读开音节/ei/ paperlatemakelakeface

2.重读闭音节/ bagfatcatladdermass

*例外:any一些/e/ many许多/e/

3.非重读音节 /ə/ /i/

即:/ə/ ——agoal ongamongabovealoud

/i/ —— comradevillagemanagerpalaceprivatenecklace

*连续相同的辅音(字母)一般只发一个音,而且归属后一个音节段。如上的laddervillage.

4.在字母wwh后面,发/ɔ/ waswashwhatwant

(*例外:water/ɔ:/ )

5.a在诸如-ance-ask-ass-ast-ath组合里 ,重读时均发/a:/

即:danceFrancechance askmasktaskbasket classgrassglasspass——*

例外:mass/æ/

fastcastpastlastmasterfatherpathbath—— (*例外:maths/æ/ )

(二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节/i:/ meheshetheseevening

2.重读闭音节/e/ hengetsettellecho

3.非重读音节/i/ uselessticketbasketpocketbeforebelow

(三)元音字母iy

1.重读开音节/ai/ Chinatrymyhitimeguide

2.重读闭音节/i/ sithitilllittlesystem

3.非重读音节/i/ unit ;study

(四)元音字母o

1.重读开音节/əu/ nosogohomephoto

2.重读闭音节/ɔ/ nothotboxfoxcockcost

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.

3.非重读音节/ə/ purposeconcern

4.o在字母mnvth之前,均发/ʌ/

sonmonthcometon(*例外:Tom/ɔ/ )

lovedovegloveaboveanother

motherbrotherbecomesome

5.两个单词:woman/‘w u-mən/ 女人(单数)women/‘w i-min/ 女人(复数)

(五)元音字母u

1.重读开音节/ju:/ pupilstud entusecube

2.重读闭音节 /ʌ/ /u/

即:/ʌ/ —— cutluckumbrellaus

/u/ —— putfullpull

3.非重读音节/ə/ autumn ;Augustsupport

元音字母组合的拼读规则

(一)元音字母a的字母组合

ay在重读音节中/ei/ raintrainbrainpain

daymayplaystaylay

*ay在非重读音里/i/ /ei/ SundayMondayTuesdayThursdayFriday

+ 绝大多数辅音字母 /ɔ:/ smallwallcalltalkwalkchalk

/ɔ: l/ alsoalways

*al后面是k时,只发/ɔ:/

al+fm时,al/a:/ halfcalm

-al在词尾非重读/əl/ medalmetal(例外 canal运河,重音在后l/ )

3.-ance在重读时/a: ns/ chancedanceFrance

在非重读时/ə ns/ importanceperformanceambulance

4.-ant非重读/ənt/ assistantimportantpeasant

5.-ange一般/eindʒ/ changedangerstrange ;(* orange /indʒ/ )

6.-age 一般/idʒ/ villagecarriagemarriage

7.-ask一般重读时/a: sk/ askmasktask ;basket

8.-ass一般重读时/a: s/ classglassgrasspass(* mass/æ/ )

9.-ast一般重读时/a: st/ lastpastfastcast

-aste一般/eist/ wastepastetaste

10.-ath一般/a: θ/ bathpath(* maths/æθ/ )

/a: ð/ fatherrather(* gather/æð/ )

11.-au一般/ɔ:/ causeautumn ;August

(* because/ɔ/ ) -augh(t)/ɔ: (t)/ caughttaughtdaughter

(*例外:laugh/la:f/ )

12.-aw/ɔ:/ drawsawlawawful

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13.a在字母wwh后面,a/ɔ/ waswashwantwhat(* water/ɔ:/ )

14.-ar重读音时/a:/ partycarfarmarmyyardhardstar

在字母w或音/w/ 后面时 /ɔ:/ warwarmwarn ;towards

*quarter 在非重读音时/-ə/ beggardollarsolar

15.-are一般/-εə/ harebaredarestarerarecareparent

16.-air一般/-εə/ chairfairhairpairstairrepair

17.-able 一般/eibl/ ablecabletabl estable

(二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音,分别是下列:

-ea/i:/ teammeatleadteachreadmeanpleasesteal

-ea/e/ threatbreadmeantread(过去式和过去分词 )peasant

-ea/iə/ realreally

-ea/ei/ greatbreak

2.-ee/i:/ feelweekkeepthreesteelstreetsweepsee

*但是一个例外:coffee/i/

3.-eer/iə/ deerpioneerengineervolunteer

4.-er重读音节/ə:/ hertermserviceGermany

非重读/ə/ workerpaperwesternteacher

特殊读法/a:/ clerk

5.-ere/iə/ heremere

-ere 或者发/εə/ therewhere

6.-ear有三种音,分别是;

-ear/iə/ eardearnearcleartear (n.)beard

-ear /ə:/ earlyearthlearnheard

-ear /a:/ heart

*tear作为动词时,发/εə/

7.-ei /ei/ eightweighweight

-ei /ai/ height

-ei /i:/ receive

8.-ey重读/ei/ theyheysurvey

-ey重读/i:/ key

-ey非重读/i/ monkeydonkeyvalleyvolleyball

*-et非重读/it/ pocketticketrocket

9.-ew 一般/ju:/ newfewknew

-ew 或者发/u:/ grewthrew

-ew还可以发/əu/ sew

10.-ege /idʒ/ college

11.-est /i s t/ biggestmodesthappiest

12.词尾的-ed在浊音后/d/ livedstudied

-ed在清音后/t/ workedfinished

-ed在字母td/id/ wantedneeded

.

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(三)元音字母iy的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中,或在辅音字母前,发/i:/ fieldpieceachieve

-ie在词尾/ai/ liedietie

2.-igh(t)在重读音节/ai(t)/ highnightlightbright

3.-ir在重读音节/ə:/ girlfirmcirclefirstthird

4.-ire在重读音节/‘aiə/ firetiredhireretiredwire

5.-ild/aild/ childwild

6.-ind/aind/ findkindmindwind(* window/ind/ )

7.-ing// kingwingsingdoingmaking

8.-(a)tion/(ei)ʃn/ nationpronunciationinformationcomposition

-stion/tʃ n/ question

-sion/ʃn/ /ʒn/ mission使命;precision精密

9.-ye在词尾/ai/ good-byebye-bye

10.-ist/i s t/ listfist

(四)元音字母o的组合

1.-oa在重音时/əu/ boatcoatroadgoattoad

-oar在重音时/ɔ:/ blackboardaboard

2.-oi-oy在重音时/ɔi/ boilerpointjoinoil

boytoyjoyloyal

3.-oo一般/u:/ soontoozooroomnoonfoodmoodbootmoon

*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时,常发短音。如 classroom/u/ 等等。

在字母k或有时在td之前时/u/ cooklookbooktookfootgood

4.-or在重音时/ɔ:/ forhorseimportantmorningborn

-or在字母w后面/ə:/ workwordworldworseworth

(*但是 wore worn例外,均发/ɔ:/ )

-or在非重音时/ə/ monitordoctorprofessorforget

forwardsforgiveconductor

5.-oar一般/ɔ:/ boardaboardblackboard

6.-oor一般/ɔ:/ 或在美式英语里发/ɔə/ doorfloor

-oor 还发/uə/ poor

7.-ore在重音时/ɔ:/ snoremorebeforeforeignforest

8.-ou一般/au/ shoutloudroundfound

-ou还发/ʌ/ countrycountrysidetrouble

-ou 还发/u:/ woundwounded

9.-ough(t)/ɔ:(t)/ oughtbroughtboughtfoughtthought

(*例外: cough/k ɔ f/ )

10.-oe/əu/ toehoeJoe

11.-old/əu l d/ oldholdcoldtold

12.-ost/əu s t/ postmosthostghost (*例外cost/ɔ s t/ )

13.-our在重音时/au/ sourourhour

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还发/ɔ:/ fourcoursepour

还发/uə/ tourgourd

-our 在词尾(非重音)/ə/ colourneighbourfavourite

14.-ow在重音时/au/ nowcowdownhowtown

-ow在重音或非重音中/əu/ lowyellowbelowfollowgrow

tomorrowwindowwidowknowshow

(五)元音字母u的组合

1.-u在字母llsh之前,或者在字母bpf之后,均发/u/

如: fullbullpullpushbush

字母lrj+u 构成的开音节,u/u:/ ruletrueblueJune

2.-ue在词尾/ju:/ arguecontinue

3.-ui在字母jr后面时,发/u:/ fruitjuice

-ui在字母bg后面,或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发/i/ 如:buildguiltybiscuit

(*即就是说字母u不发音)

4.-ur在重音时/ə:/ turnreturnThursdaynursepurse

在非重音时/ə/ surpriseSaturday

-ure在重音时/(j)uə/ pure/juə/ manure/juə/ sure/uə/

-ture/tʃə/ picturefuturemixture

(II) 辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则

辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下:

1.b在一般情况下/b/ backbiglabbrother

bu在一起,u常发/i/ buildingbuildbusy

-bt一般/t/ debtdoubt

2.c在字母eiy前面时/s/ cityBrucejuicebicyclefacecentral

c在字母aou,或者在辅音字母前/k/ cupcoldcattleduck

bicyclecapcutclass

c在词尾时也发/k/ ,但后面有e,那还发/s/ gymnastic/k/ music/k/ grace/s/

Bruce/s/

-cc在元音字母aou和辅音字母之前/k/ occasionaccordingoccupyacclaim

在元音字母ei之前/ks/ accentsuccess

-ci有时发/ʃ/ social

-ch 有三种音/tʃ/ /k/ /ʃ/ 如下:

/tʃ/ Chinarichchickchalk

/k/ schoolchemistchemistrychemicalachetechnology

/ʃ/ machineparachutemoustache

-tch/tʃ/ catchmatchfetchhatchbutcher

-ck/k/ duckluckticketpocketblackcock

3.d在一般情况下/d/ didmadedeskduckdoubtdamage

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-ds/dz/ birdshands

dr在元音字母前/dr/ drydressdriverdrill

-dge一般/dʒ/ bridgefridgejudgeedge

4.f在一般情况下/f/ fiveflaglifel eaf

5.g在字母eiy前面/dʒ/ largegeneralgymnasticsageenergy

*例外: giveforgivegetforget等,g都发/g/

在字母aou,或者在辅音字母前/g/ goatgameguardghostglass

在词尾也发/g/ bigeggfigflag

-gn/n/ ,即g不发音 foreignsigngnaw

-gh/f/ /-/ (*既不发音 ) /-/ highthoughtlightbrought

/f/ laughcough

-dge/dʒ/ bridgeknowledgejudge

*gue-gua-gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 guessguestguardguide

-gue在词尾发/g/ leaguecolleague

6.h在一般情况下/h/ helpbehavehell ohithurry

h在字母rx后面不发音 rhinoexhibition

7.j在一般情况下/dʒ/ joyjudgeinjurejourneyJanuaryjarjust

8.k在一般情况下/k/ kingmilkkickkisslockknock

k后面是n时,k不发音,即kn/n/ knockkneeknowknowledgeknife

9.l在元音字母前发/l/ (*音,供参考 ) lightlookletlablive

l在辅音字母或词尾时发/l/ (*音,供参考 ) coldsellchalk

10.m在一般情况下/m/ meetmeatmothercomemakeTom

m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb/m/ combtombclimbbomber

11.n在一般情况下/n/ innownexttonnest

nm后面时,n常不发音,即-mn/m/ autumncolumn

但后面有后缀或构成合成词,则n还要发音的 autumnalcolumnist

-ng常发/ŋ/ /ŋg/ /ŋ/ si ngkingEnglish ;young

/ŋg/ fingeryoungerlanguage

-nk常发/ŋk/ ba nksinksanksunkinkthank

12.p在一般情况下/p/ mapcappeoplepest

-ph/f/ photophantomphilosophyphysicsphrase

在一般情况下/k/ uniquecheque

qu一般发/k w/ quarterquickquiltquietquitequeen

14.r在元音字母前才发音/r/ (*即音同供参考 ) roomreadrestaround

r在辅音字母或词尾前,一般不发音 carstarjar

rh在元音字母前只发/r/ rhymerhinorhetoric

15.s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后,一般发/s/

如: seesomesetsisterworkslipsnewspaperyesthis

注:一条发音习惯,欧美人在发/s/ 音后面的清辅音时,习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的

浊辅音(而书写音标的时候,还是写成清辅音),试举例如下:

如:school---音标/s k u: l/ ,而习惯念成/s g u: l/

street---音标/s tr i: t/ ,而习惯念成/s dr i: t/

stubborn---音标/‘s t ʌ b n/ ,而习惯念成/‘s d ʌ b n/

student---音标/‘s t j u: d ə n t/ ,而习惯念成/‘s d j u: d ə n t/

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space---音标/s p ei s/ ,而习惯念成/s b ei s/

steal---音标/s t i: l/ ,而习惯念成/s d i: l/

就是这样,像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。

s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时,发/z/

如: thesenosel oserisewisdomobserve

词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后(即在浊音之后),发/z/

如: pigsplaysflagseggstoysboys

词尾的,s,在长元音之后,发/z/ hersyours

s还可以发/ʃ/ sureRussia

-sh一般发/ʃ/ sheepshipwishshowshiftfish

-sch一般情况下/s k/ schoolscheme(计划)

-sion一般情况下/ʃ n/ tensionsuccession

在元音字母后/ʒ n/ decisionconclusion

-sure在元音字母后/ʒ ə/ measurepleasure

16. t在一般情况下/t/ tooth catteachtoolhit

cutlettentabletaste

-th一般发/θ/ /ð/ ,即发/θ/ thintoothyouththinkthigh

/ð/ thatwiththisthesethose

-tr/tr/ trytrusttriptroubletreestreet

-tion/ʃ n/ informationorganizationpronunciationproduction

(*一个例外: question/tʃ n/ )

-ture/tʃ ə/ picturemixturefuture

17.v在一般情况下/v/ verylivevehicl evasevalleyvillage

18.w在元音字母之前/w/ wearwind owwidowweekweakwisdom

wr/r/ writewrongwristwritten

wh/h/ whowhomwhosewhole

wh/w/ whatwhichwhenwherewhy

aw/ɔ:/ drawsawlawlawyerawful

ew/j u:/ fewthrewgrewknewnew

ow/əu/ ownownerlowslowknowbelow

ow/au/ nowcowcrown

19.x在一般情况下/ks/ boxfoxnexttextile

位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时,发/gz/ examexistanxiety

20.y在元音字母之前/j/ youyouthyesyoung

21.z在一般情况下/z/ zooquizzebrazerozipper

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比较编辑学的英文辑学翻译辑学英语怎么说-推q网


战备粮的英文翻译英语怎么说-美容养生培训


2023年10月10日发(作者:presentation开场白)

.

常见的字母与字母组合发音规则

I)元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则

元音字母的发音

(一)元音字母a

1.重读开音节/ei/ paperlatemakelakeface

2.重读闭音节/ bagfatcatladdermass

*例外:any一些/e/ many许多/e/

3.非重读音节 /ə/ /i/

即:/ə/ ——agoal ongamongabovealoud

/i/ —— comradevillagemanagerpalaceprivatenecklace

*连续相同的辅音(字母)一般只发一个音,而且归属后一个音节段。如上的laddervillage.

4.在字母wwh后面,发/ɔ/ waswashwhatwant

(*例外:water/ɔ:/ )

5.a在诸如-ance-ask-ass-ast-ath组合里 ,重读时均发/a:/

即:danceFrancechance askmasktaskbasket classgrassglasspass——*

例外:mass/æ/

fastcastpastlastmasterfatherpathbath—— (*例外:maths/æ/ )

(二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节/i:/ meheshetheseevening

2.重读闭音节/e/ hengetsettellecho

3.非重读音节/i/ uselessticketbasketpocketbeforebelow

(三)元音字母iy

1.重读开音节/ai/ Chinatrymyhitimeguide

2.重读闭音节/i/ sithitilllittlesystem

3.非重读音节/i/ unit ;study

(四)元音字母o

1.重读开音节/əu/ nosogohomephoto

2.重读闭音节/ɔ/ nothotboxfoxcockcost

.

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3.非重读音节/ə/ purposeconcern

4.o在字母mnvth之前,均发/ʌ/

sonmonthcometon(*例外:Tom/ɔ/ )

lovedovegloveaboveanother

motherbrotherbecomesome

5.两个单词:woman/‘w u-mən/ 女人(单数)women/‘w i-min/ 女人(复数)

(五)元音字母u

1.重读开音节/ju:/ pupilstud entusecube

2.重读闭音节 /ʌ/ /u/

即:/ʌ/ —— cutluckumbrellaus

/u/ —— putfullpull

3.非重读音节/ə/ autumn ;Augustsupport

元音字母组合的拼读规则

(一)元音字母a的字母组合

ay在重读音节中/ei/ raintrainbrainpain

daymayplaystaylay

*ay在非重读音里/i/ /ei/ SundayMondayTuesdayThursdayFriday

+ 绝大多数辅音字母 /ɔ:/ smallwallcalltalkwalkchalk

/ɔ: l/ alsoalways

*al后面是k时,只发/ɔ:/

al+fm时,al/a:/ halfcalm

-al在词尾非重读/əl/ medalmetal(例外 canal运河,重音在后l/ )

3.-ance在重读时/a: ns/ chancedanceFrance

在非重读时/ə ns/ importanceperformanceambulance

4.-ant非重读/ənt/ assistantimportantpeasant

5.-ange一般/eindʒ/ changedangerstrange ;(* orange /indʒ/ )

6.-age 一般/idʒ/ villagecarriagemarriage

7.-ask一般重读时/a: sk/ askmasktask ;basket

8.-ass一般重读时/a: s/ classglassgrasspass(* mass/æ/ )

9.-ast一般重读时/a: st/ lastpastfastcast

-aste一般/eist/ wastepastetaste

10.-ath一般/a: θ/ bathpath(* maths/æθ/ )

/a: ð/ fatherrather(* gather/æð/ )

11.-au一般/ɔ:/ causeautumn ;August

(* because/ɔ/ ) -augh(t)/ɔ: (t)/ caughttaughtdaughter

(*例外:laugh/la:f/ )

12.-aw/ɔ:/ drawsawlawawful

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.

13.a在字母wwh后面,a/ɔ/ waswashwantwhat(* water/ɔ:/ )

14.-ar重读音时/a:/ partycarfarmarmyyardhardstar

在字母w或音/w/ 后面时 /ɔ:/ warwarmwarn ;towards

*quarter 在非重读音时/-ə/ beggardollarsolar

15.-are一般/-εə/ harebaredarestarerarecareparent

16.-air一般/-εə/ chairfairhairpairstairrepair

17.-able 一般/eibl/ ablecabletabl estable

(二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音,分别是下列:

-ea/i:/ teammeatleadteachreadmeanpleasesteal

-ea/e/ threatbreadmeantread(过去式和过去分词 )peasant

-ea/iə/ realreally

-ea/ei/ greatbreak

2.-ee/i:/ feelweekkeepthreesteelstreetsweepsee

*但是一个例外:coffee/i/

3.-eer/iə/ deerpioneerengineervolunteer

4.-er重读音节/ə:/ hertermserviceGermany

非重读/ə/ workerpaperwesternteacher

特殊读法/a:/ clerk

5.-ere/iə/ heremere

-ere 或者发/εə/ therewhere

6.-ear有三种音,分别是;

-ear/iə/ eardearnearcleartear (n.)beard

-ear /ə:/ earlyearthlearnheard

-ear /a:/ heart

*tear作为动词时,发/εə/

7.-ei /ei/ eightweighweight

-ei /ai/ height

-ei /i:/ receive

8.-ey重读/ei/ theyheysurvey

-ey重读/i:/ key

-ey非重读/i/ monkeydonkeyvalleyvolleyball

*-et非重读/it/ pocketticketrocket

9.-ew 一般/ju:/ newfewknew

-ew 或者发/u:/ grewthrew

-ew还可以发/əu/ sew

10.-ege /idʒ/ college

11.-est /i s t/ biggestmodesthappiest

12.词尾的-ed在浊音后/d/ livedstudied

-ed在清音后/t/ workedfinished

-ed在字母td/id/ wantedneeded

.

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(三)元音字母iy的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中,或在辅音字母前,发/i:/ fieldpieceachieve

-ie在词尾/ai/ liedietie

2.-igh(t)在重读音节/ai(t)/ highnightlightbright

3.-ir在重读音节/ə:/ girlfirmcirclefirstthird

4.-ire在重读音节/‘aiə/ firetiredhireretiredwire

5.-ild/aild/ childwild

6.-ind/aind/ findkindmindwind(* window/ind/ )

7.-ing// kingwingsingdoingmaking

8.-(a)tion/(ei)ʃn/ nationpronunciationinformationcomposition

-stion/tʃ n/ question

-sion/ʃn/ /ʒn/ mission使命;precision精密

9.-ye在词尾/ai/ good-byebye-bye

10.-ist/i s t/ listfist

(四)元音字母o的组合

1.-oa在重音时/əu/ boatcoatroadgoattoad

-oar在重音时/ɔ:/ blackboardaboard

2.-oi-oy在重音时/ɔi/ boilerpointjoinoil

boytoyjoyloyal

3.-oo一般/u:/ soontoozooroomnoonfoodmoodbootmoon

*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时,常发短音。如 classroom/u/ 等等。

在字母k或有时在td之前时/u/ cooklookbooktookfootgood

4.-or在重音时/ɔ:/ forhorseimportantmorningborn

-or在字母w后面/ə:/ workwordworldworseworth

(*但是 wore worn例外,均发/ɔ:/ )

-or在非重音时/ə/ monitordoctorprofessorforget

forwardsforgiveconductor

5.-oar一般/ɔ:/ boardaboardblackboard

6.-oor一般/ɔ:/ 或在美式英语里发/ɔə/ doorfloor

-oor 还发/uə/ poor

7.-ore在重音时/ɔ:/ snoremorebeforeforeignforest

8.-ou一般/au/ shoutloudroundfound

-ou还发/ʌ/ countrycountrysidetrouble

-ou 还发/u:/ woundwounded

9.-ough(t)/ɔ:(t)/ oughtbroughtboughtfoughtthought

(*例外: cough/k ɔ f/ )

10.-oe/əu/ toehoeJoe

11.-old/əu l d/ oldholdcoldtold

12.-ost/əu s t/ postmosthostghost (*例外cost/ɔ s t/ )

13.-our在重音时/au/ sourourhour

.

.

还发/ɔ:/ fourcoursepour

还发/uə/ tourgourd

-our 在词尾(非重音)/ə/ colourneighbourfavourite

14.-ow在重音时/au/ nowcowdownhowtown

-ow在重音或非重音中/əu/ lowyellowbelowfollowgrow

tomorrowwindowwidowknowshow

(五)元音字母u的组合

1.-u在字母llsh之前,或者在字母bpf之后,均发/u/

如: fullbullpullpushbush

字母lrj+u 构成的开音节,u/u:/ ruletrueblueJune

2.-ue在词尾/ju:/ arguecontinue

3.-ui在字母jr后面时,发/u:/ fruitjuice

-ui在字母bg后面,或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发/i/ 如:buildguiltybiscuit

(*即就是说字母u不发音)

4.-ur在重音时/ə:/ turnreturnThursdaynursepurse

在非重音时/ə/ surpriseSaturday

-ure在重音时/(j)uə/ pure/juə/ manure/juə/ sure/uə/

-ture/tʃə/ picturefuturemixture

(II) 辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则

辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下:

1.b在一般情况下/b/ backbiglabbrother

bu在一起,u常发/i/ buildingbuildbusy

-bt一般/t/ debtdoubt

2.c在字母eiy前面时/s/ cityBrucejuicebicyclefacecentral

c在字母aou,或者在辅音字母前/k/ cupcoldcattleduck

bicyclecapcutclass

c在词尾时也发/k/ ,但后面有e,那还发/s/ gymnastic/k/ music/k/ grace/s/

Bruce/s/

-cc在元音字母aou和辅音字母之前/k/ occasionaccordingoccupyacclaim

在元音字母ei之前/ks/ accentsuccess

-ci有时发/ʃ/ social

-ch 有三种音/tʃ/ /k/ /ʃ/ 如下:

/tʃ/ Chinarichchickchalk

/k/ schoolchemistchemistrychemicalachetechnology

/ʃ/ machineparachutemoustache

-tch/tʃ/ catchmatchfetchhatchbutcher

-ck/k/ duckluckticketpocketblackcock

3.d在一般情况下/d/ didmadedeskduckdoubtdamage

.

.

-ds/dz/ birdshands

dr在元音字母前/dr/ drydressdriverdrill

-dge一般/dʒ/ bridgefridgejudgeedge

4.f在一般情况下/f/ fiveflaglifel eaf

5.g在字母eiy前面/dʒ/ largegeneralgymnasticsageenergy

*例外: giveforgivegetforget等,g都发/g/

在字母aou,或者在辅音字母前/g/ goatgameguardghostglass

在词尾也发/g/ bigeggfigflag

-gn/n/ ,即g不发音 foreignsigngnaw

-gh/f/ /-/ (*既不发音 ) /-/ highthoughtlightbrought

/f/ laughcough

-dge/dʒ/ bridgeknowledgejudge

*gue-gua-gui-在词首时一般u都不发音 guessguestguardguide

-gue在词尾发/g/ leaguecolleague

6.h在一般情况下/h/ helpbehavehell ohithurry

h在字母rx后面不发音 rhinoexhibition

7.j在一般情况下/dʒ/ joyjudgeinjurejourneyJanuaryjarjust

8.k在一般情况下/k/ kingmilkkickkisslockknock

k后面是n时,k不发音,即kn/n/ knockkneeknowknowledgeknife

9.l在元音字母前发/l/ (*音,供参考 ) lightlookletlablive

l在辅音字母或词尾时发/l/ (*音,供参考 ) coldsellchalk

10.m在一般情况下/m/ meetmeatmothercomemakeTom

m后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb/m/ combtombclimbbomber

11.n在一般情况下/n/ innownexttonnest

nm后面时,n常不发音,即-mn/m/ autumncolumn

但后面有后缀或构成合成词,则n还要发音的 autumnalcolumnist

-ng常发/ŋ/ /ŋg/ /ŋ/ si ngkingEnglish ;young

/ŋg/ fingeryoungerlanguage

-nk常发/ŋk/ ba nksinksanksunkinkthank

12.p在一般情况下/p/ mapcappeoplepest

-ph/f/ photophantomphilosophyphysicsphrase

在一般情况下/k/ uniquecheque

qu一般发/k w/ quarterquickquiltquietquitequeen

14.r在元音字母前才发音/r/ (*即音同供参考 ) roomreadrestaround

r在辅音字母或词尾前,一般不发音 carstarjar

rh在元音字母前只发/r/ rhymerhinorhetoric

15.s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后,一般发/s/

如: seesomesetsisterworkslipsnewspaperyesthis

注:一条发音习惯,欧美人在发/s/ 音后面的清辅音时,习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的

浊辅音(而书写音标的时候,还是写成清辅音),试举例如下:

如:school---音标/s k u: l/ ,而习惯念成/s g u: l/

street---音标/s tr i: t/ ,而习惯念成/s dr i: t/

stubborn---音标/‘s t ʌ b n/ ,而习惯念成/‘s d ʌ b n/

student---音标/‘s t j u: d ə n t/ ,而习惯念成/‘s d j u: d ə n t/

.

.

space---音标/s p ei s/ ,而习惯念成/s b ei s/

steal---音标/s t i: l/ ,而习惯念成/s d i: l/

就是这样,像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。

s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时,发/z/

如: thesenosel oserisewisdomobserve

词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后(即在浊音之后),发/z/

如: pigsplaysflagseggstoysboys

词尾的,s,在长元音之后,发/z/ hersyours

s还可以发/ʃ/ sureRussia

-sh一般发/ʃ/ sheepshipwishshowshiftfish

-sch一般情况下/s k/ schoolscheme(计划)

-sion一般情况下/ʃ n/ tensionsuccession

在元音字母后/ʒ n/ decisionconclusion

-sure在元音字母后/ʒ ə/ measurepleasure

16. t在一般情况下/t/ tooth catteachtoolhit

cutlettentabletaste

-th一般发/θ/ /ð/ ,即发/θ/ thintoothyouththinkthigh

/ð/ thatwiththisthesethose

-tr/tr/ trytrusttriptroubletreestreet

-tion/ʃ n/ informationorganizationpronunciationproduction

(*一个例外: question/tʃ n/ )

-ture/tʃ ə/ picturemixturefuture

17.v在一般情况下/v/ verylivevehicl evasevalleyvillage

18.w在元音字母之前/w/ wearwind owwidowweekweakwisdom

wr/r/ writewrongwristwritten

wh/h/ whowhomwhosewhole

wh/w/ whatwhichwhenwherewhy

aw/ɔ:/ drawsawlawlawyerawful

ew/j u:/ fewthrewgrewknewnew

ow/əu/ ownownerlowslowknowbelow

ow/au/ nowcowcrown

19.x在一般情况下/ks/ boxfoxnexttextile

位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时,发/gz/ examexistanxiety

20.y在元音字母之前/j/ youyouthyesyoung

21.z在一般情况下/z/ zooquizzebrazerozipper

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比较编辑学的英文辑学翻译辑学英语怎么说-推q网


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